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I just added some facts from sources that I had. <ref>Howerton, Phillip. "Robert Montgomery Bird." Writers of the American Renaissance: An A-to-Z Guide. By Denise D. Knight. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2003. 19-22. Print.</ref>→‎Background
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==Background==
==Background==
Bird was born in [[New Castle, Delaware]] on February 5, 1806.<ref name=Ehrlich217>Ehrlich, Eugene and Gorton Carruth. ''The Oxford Illustrated Literary Guide to the United States''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1982: 217. ISBN 0-19-503186-5</ref> He was born to a pioneer family. His father was a prosperous partner in the firm of Bird and Riddle, government navy agents. When his family was forced to disband (as written in one of his earliest writings "My Father- who died when I was 4 years old"), his mother and brothers moved to Philadelphia and he was taken in by a rich uncle in New Castle. His uncle's name was Nicholas Van Dyke. He then attended New Castle Academy where he was encouraged to develop his musical aptitude. However, he said that these years were not pleasant. After attending the New Castle Academy and [[Germantown Academy]], he graduated from the [[University of Pennsylvania]] in 1824.<ref name=Looby>Looby, xxii</ref> He started to write briefly. This included comments on his Latin, American, and English literature, particularly the Elizabethan dramatists. He then started to write short poems and fiction during his time in medical school. He obviously didn't have a big passion for medicine. By 1827 had published in the ''Philadelphia Monthly Magazine.'' <ref name=Looby /> After graduating from medical school, Bird attempted to begin a medical practice but became discouraged after one year and left medicine to pursue a literary career.<ref name=Looby />
Bird was born in [[New Castle, Delaware]] on February 5, 1806.<ref name=Ehrlich217>Ehrlich, Eugene and Gorton Carruth. ''The Oxford Illustrated Literary Guide to the United States''. New York: Oxford University Press, 1982: 217. ISBN 0-19-503186-5</ref> He was born to a pioneer family. His father was a prosperous partner in the firm of Bird and Riddle, government navy agents. When his family was forced to disband (as written in one of his earliest writings "My Father- who died when I was 4 years old"), his mother and brothers moved to Philadelphia and he was taken in by a rich uncle in New Castle. His uncle's name was Nicholas Van Dyke. He then attended New Castle Academy where he was encouraged to develop his musical aptitude. However, he said that these years were not pleasant. After attending the New Castle Academy and [[Germantown Academy]], he graduated from the [[University of Pennsylvania]] in 1824.<ref name=Looby>Looby, xxii</ref> He started to write briefly. This included comments on his Latin, American, and English literature, particularly the Elizabethan dramatists. He then started to write short poems and fiction during his time in medical school. He obviously didn't have a big passion for medicine. By 1827 had published in the ''Philadelphia Monthly Magazine" along with two comedies, " 'Twas All for the Best" and "News of the Night".<ref name=Looby /> After graduating from medical school, Bird attempted to begin a medical practice but became discouraged after one year and left medicine to pursue a literary career.<ref name=Looby />


==Career==
==Career==

Revision as of 00:15, 18 April 2016

Robert Montgomery Bird
BornFebruary 5, 1806
New Castle, Delaware
DiedJanuary 23, 1854(1854-01-23) (aged 47)
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
OccupationNovelist, playwright, physician
NationalityAmerican
Signature

Robert Montgomery Bird (February 5, 1806 – January 23, 1854) was an American novelist, playwright, and physician.

Background

Bird was born in New Castle, Delaware on February 5, 1806.[1] He was born to a pioneer family. His father was a prosperous partner in the firm of Bird and Riddle, government navy agents. When his family was forced to disband (as written in one of his earliest writings "My Father- who died when I was 4 years old"), his mother and brothers moved to Philadelphia and he was taken in by a rich uncle in New Castle. His uncle's name was Nicholas Van Dyke. He then attended New Castle Academy where he was encouraged to develop his musical aptitude. However, he said that these years were not pleasant. After attending the New Castle Academy and Germantown Academy, he graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1824.[2] He started to write briefly. This included comments on his Latin, American, and English literature, particularly the Elizabethan dramatists. He then started to write short poems and fiction during his time in medical school. He obviously didn't have a big passion for medicine. By 1827 had published in the Philadelphia Monthly Magazine" along with two comedies, " 'Twas All for the Best" and "News of the Night".[2] After graduating from medical school, Bird attempted to begin a medical practice but became discouraged after one year and left medicine to pursue a literary career.[2]

Career

In 1828, Bird's play Pelopidas won a $1000 prize offered by the actor Edwin Forrest, but was never produced. Instead, Bird wrote another play for Forrest, The Gladiator, which was produced in 1831.[3] Bird wrote several other plays for Forrest. Forrest had promised to pay Bird more for these plays if they proved successful. Though they were, Forrest refused to give Bird additional money; Bird's frustration with Forrest pushed him into writing novels.[1] These include Calavar (1834), The Infidel (1835), The Hawks of Hawk-Hollow (1835), Sheppard Lee (1836), Nick of the Woods (1837) (his most successful novel), and The Adventures of Robin Day (1839).[4] Calavar and The Infidel are notable for their graphic and accurate details and descriptions of Mexican history.

Bird also pursued a number of other interests. In 1837, he began a career as a journalist, working as the Associate Editor for The American Monthly Magazine. He became the editor of the North American Magazine and United States Gazette in 1847. He also taught medicine at the Pennsylvania Medical College and ran for Congress in 1842 (an attempt which was later aborted).[5]

According to Christopher Looby, "Bird's biographers say that the intensity of these literary labors led to a breakdown of his health, possibly including a mental disorder, and that he retired to a farm on the Eastern Shore of Maryland in 1840 to restore himself."

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b Ehrlich, Eugene and Gorton Carruth. The Oxford Illustrated Literary Guide to the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1982: 217. ISBN 0-19-503186-5
  2. ^ a b c Looby, xxii
  3. ^ Looby, xxiii
  4. ^ Looby, xxiii–xxiv
  5. ^ Looby, xxv

External links

Sources
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